Chapter 21 a Family of Planets Section 1 Answers
Affiliate 21 Section 1 The 9 Planets Bellringer Create a mnemonic device to assist you recollect the club of the planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto Example: My very eccentric mother just sent usa ix pigs. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © past Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 21 Section one The Nine Planets Objectives • Listing the planets in the guild in which they orbit the sun. • Explain how scientists measure distances in space. • Depict how the planets in our solar system were discovered. • Describe iii ways in which the inner planets and outer planets differ. Affiliate menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 21 Section 1 The Nine Planets Our Solar System Our solar system includes the sun, the planets, and many smaller objects. Affiliate menu Resource Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 21 Department 1 The 9 Planets The Inner and Outer Solar Systems • The Inner Planets The planets closest to the sun include Mercury, Venus, Globe, and Mars. • Terrestrial planets • The Outer Planets The outer planets include Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto. • Gas Giants Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 21 Section 1 The Ix Planets The Discovery of the Solar Organization • Early Knowledge Up until the 17 thursday century, the universe was thought to only comprise World, Venus, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, the sun, and Earth's moon. • Using a Telescope After the invention of the telescope by the cease of the 17 thursday century, the moons of Jupiter and Saturn were discovered. • By the cease of the eighteen th century, Uranus & 2 of its moons • By the finish of the 19 th century, Neptune and moons of other planets • Modernistic Times By the 20 th century, Pluto and many other bodies had been discovered. Chapter carte du jour Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 21 Department one The 9 Planets Measuring and Interplanetary Distances Scientists use the astronomical unit of measurement to measure distances in infinite. One astronomical unit is the average distance between the sun and Earth, or approximately 150, 000 km. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © past Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 21 Section one The 9 Planets Chapter menu Resource Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 21 Section 2 The Inner Planets Objectives • Explain the departure between a planet's period of rotation and period of revolution. • Describe the difference between prograde and retrograde rotation. • Draw the individual characteristics of Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. • Identify the characteristics that brand Earth suitable for life. Chapter carte du jour Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 21 Department 2 The Inner Planets Mercury: Closest to the Dominicus Mercury is a very hot, small planet. It only takes Mercury 88 days to revolve around the dominicus. Chapter menu Resource Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 21 Section 2 The Inner Planets Venus: Earth'due south Twin? • The Atmosphere of Venus Of all the inner planets, Venus has the densest atmosphere. • Mapping Venus'due south Surface The Magellan spacecraft mapped the surface of Venus by using radar waves. Affiliate menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Affiliate 21 Department ii The Inner Planets Earth: An Oasis in Infinite • Water on World is warm enough to go along most of its water from freezing and cool plenty to keep its water from boiling abroad. Liquid water is of import to life on Earth. • The Earth from Space Satellites are used to study the Earth from space in lodge to better understand global systems. Chapter bill of fare Resource Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 21 Section ii The Inner Planets Mars: Our Intriguing Neighbor • The Atmosphere of Mars has a thin atmosphere with low air pressure. • Water on Mars Liquid water cannot exist on Mars'south surface today, but most probable it was there in the past. Chapter menu Resource Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 21 Section 2 The Inner Planets Mars: Our Intriguing Neighbor, continued • Where Is the Water Now? Mars has 2 polar icecaps made of frozen h2o and carbon dioxide. Many scientists think that there is more frozen water beneath the Martian soil • Martian Volcanoes Mars has ii large volcanic systems, one of which includes the largest mount in the solar system. Affiliate menu Resources Copyright © past Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 21 Section 2 The Inner Planets Mars: Our Intriguing Neighbor, continued • Missions to Mars Several recent missions to Mars were launched to gain a better understanding of the planet. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © past Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 21 Department 3 The Outer Planets Jupiter: A Giant Among Giants • Jumbo Sized Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar organization. • NASA Missions to Jupiter NASA has sent five missions to Jupiter to written report Jupiter'southward atmosphere and moons. Chapter bill of fare Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Affiliate 21 Section 3 The Outer Planets Saturn: Nonetheless Forming • The Rings of Jupiter Saturn's rings are the largest of all of the gas giants' rings. • NASA Exploration of Saturn Launched in 1997, the Cassini spacecraft is designed to study Saturn's rings, moon, and atmosphere. Affiliate menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 21 Section iii The Outer Planets Uranus: A Pocket-size Giant • Uranus'south Atmosphere The temper of Uranus is mainly hydrogen and methane, which makes the planet appear to be blueish-green in color. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © past Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 21 Section 3 The Outer Planets Uranus: A Small Giant, connected • A Tilted Planet Unlike most other planets, Uranus is tipped over on its centrality. And so its axis of rotation is tilted past almost xc° and lies almost in the airplane of its orbit. Affiliate carte Resources Copyright © past Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 21 Section 3 The Outer Planets Neptune: The Blue World • Discovery of Neptune was not discovered until 1846. • The Temper of Neptune The composition of Neptune's atmosphere is similar to that of Uranus'due south atmosphere, but Neptune has belts of clouds that are much more visible. Affiliate menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 21 Department 3 The Outer Planets Pluto: The Mystery Planet • A Small World Less than half the size of Mercury, Pluto is the smallest planet in the solar system. • A True Planet? Because Pluto is and then small and unusual, some scientists remember that is should not exist classified every bit a planet. Some scientists classify Pluto as a big asteroid or comet. Chapter bill of fare Resource Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 21 Section v Small Bodies in the Solar Organisation Comets • What Is a Comet? A small body of ice, rock, and catholic dust loosely packed together is called a comet. • Formed in the cold, outer solar system back when the planets were formed, thus each is a sample of the early on solar system • Has a solid center called a nucleus • No tail until information technology nears the lord's day Chapter card Resources Copyright © past Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 21 Section v Modest Bodies in the Solar System Comets • Comet Tails When a comet passes close enough to the dominicus, solar radiation heats the water ice so that the comet gives off gas and dust in the class of a long tail. • Sometimes in that location are ii tails – one made of dust, and one fabricated of ions, which are fabricated of electrically charged particles, the ion tail points away from the sun when diddled by solar wind Chapter card Resources Copyright © past Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 21 Section 5 Pocket-size Bodies in the Solar System Comets, continued • Comet Orbits The orbits of all bodies that motility around the sun are ellipses. A comet's ion tail always points away from the sun. • Comet Origins Many scientists recall that comets come from the Oort Deject, a spherical region that surrounds the solar organisation, or from the Kuiper Belt Chapter menu Resource Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Affiliate 21 Section five Small Bodies in the Solar System Asteroids • What Are Asteroids? Pocket-sized, rocky bodies that revolve around the sun are called asteroids. • Types of Asteroids mostly have irregular shapes, larger ones are spherical • Located in the asteroid chugalug, between Mars and Jupiter Affiliate carte du jour Resource Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 21 Section 5 Small Bodies in the Solar System Meteoroids • What Are Meteoroids? A meteoroid is a minor, rocky body that revolves around the sun. • Similar, but smaller than asteroids • Most burn down up in the temper, giving off low-cal and heat free energy. Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Affiliate 21 Section five Pocket-size Bodies in the Solar System Meteorites • Meteor Showers You tin can come across a big number of meteors during a meteor shower as Globe passes through the dusty debris of comets. • Types of Meteorites have unlike compositions. The three major types of meteorites are stony, metallic, and stony-fe meteorites. • Stony - contain organic materials and water • Metal - made of fe and nickel • Stony-iron – fabricated of fe and nickel Affiliate menu Resource Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 21 Section five Pocket-sized Bodies in the Solar System The Role of Impacts in the Solar System • Future Impacts on Earth? Scientists estimate that impacts that are powerful enough to cause a natural disaster might happen once every few chiliad years. • Often result in craters • Planets with no atmosphere accept more impacts • Large impacts occur every few hundred years Affiliate carte du jour Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Affiliate 21 Department 5 Small Bodies in the Solar Organisation The Function of Impacts in the Solar System • The Torino Scale The Torino scale is a system that allows scientists to rate the hazard level of an object moving toward Earth. • 0 = modest chance of hit Earth • 5, 6, vii = highly likely to hit Earth • 8, 9, 10 = standoff is certain (capable of causing a global catastophe Chapter card Resource Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 21 A Family of Planets Concept Map Utilize the terms below to complete the concept map on the adjacent slide. planets prograde World sun clockwise astronomical units (AU) counterclockwise North Pole Chapter menu Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Chapter 21 A Family of Planets Chapter carte du jour Resources Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
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